Two Main Types of Microphones ( Condenser and Dynamic Mics)

Microphone Positioning: 

Microphones are an important tool when it comes to live performance, the reason for this is very simple, sometimes we as humans tend to listen to everything that surrounds us and we tend to focus on the main important thing while working on something else, Example : let's say I met a friend and he's been telling me about this new product, while suddenly I am focusing on something else which is happening somewhere else, this is why sound should be clearly and aimed directly for audience, this is known as "Cocktail Party Effect", Grant Bridgeman states that "How a mic is placed can make a great difference to sounds it captures. 

Their are various type of microphones: 

Now the main important thing is that one should know which appropriate one should use for example: when doing a big movie you might use a boomer while when you are recording something small for example voice over you might want to use a USB microphone. 

Their are two microphones types, which have different construction and requirements for the recording appliances and room acoustics, These types are: 

1.  Condenser
2.  Dynamic 

1. Condenser Microphone: 

These are better for vocal work especially when one wants to work in a professional way. These require a box called phantom power (a type of power supply), where one has to input the the cable and switch on the button called "+48V". Usually these type of mics cost more than the dynamic. 

These type of mics are very sensitive and they can pick up all noise from the room when recording, therefore one should note that the better you speak clearly and the better you are close to it the better it will be. You should always respect the mic and keep it somewhere safe especially when not using it, don't forget that once it's damaged it won't provide the same service like it used by putting it in a protective case it won't do any harm. 

-  This picture shows an example of a Condenser Mic from inside

       These mics need other essential tools such as:

• External audio recording interface (with phantom power (+V48)
• XLR Cable 
• Microphone Stand
• Pop filter 
• Headphones in or to monitor your recording (since we need to monitor our audio in order to see where our voice position )
• Isolation Shield ( in order to reduce echo inside the room) 

This clearly shows that when having an equipment such as this one, one have to remember the budget needed since it's not cheap, this is why you should always take care of all your equipment.

Noise; 

A small fact is that when one is using pre-amplifier, or also known as the phantom power, the system itself generates sound, this usually occurs when one levels up the volume gain, although if you want a professional sound one should lower the gain and instead the person recording should get closer to the microphone, and this will decrease that noise coming from the system itself.

2. Dynamic Microphones: 

This type of mics are much easier to work with, and these can be used in a regular room without any special equipment, therefore you don't need to spent on more tools, Usually You tubers who are staring their channel use these type of microphones because they still provide a good sound, although it is recommended that one should use a room which is filled with furniture, curtain, sofas and so on, in order to absorb echo sound. 

a dynamic microphone is a speaker in reverse, for example when you go to an order in drive trough, the same speaker is also used as microphone. these type of mics do not require power because they, generate current, therefore this clearly shows that it's cheaper as they are not sensitive like other mics.

- This picture shows an example of a Dynamic Mic from the inside. 

Below is a video by Sonic Electronix giving a small talk about these two different microphones:

                                            https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nPjUB-KQ3_Q